Healthcare analyzation Free Essay Example, 2750 words

Managed care system has been developed with a view to mitigate the emerging challenges associated with the complex healthcare industry. It assists in cost saving, providing reimbursement and ascertaining improvement of the quality aspect. In fact, it is revealed that before the development of managed care, the clinicians mainly practiced medicines without considering the cost being incurred. With the establishment of managed care, cost and necessity, both are considered to be an important part associated with the healthcare industry (Bergman & Homer, 1988). The Challenges and Problems Associated With Managed Care in America The spread of managed care within the US reflects the healthcare system being undertaken by the American public and the policymakers. It has been further explained that challenges with respect to the managed healthcare system take into account both the professionals and the providers. The significant areas pertaining to the healthcare industry that face the challenge of managed care include ethical, legal and regulatory issues. In fact, an in-depth analysis along with observations has further revealed that the managed care system is reducing the inclusion of latest technology in the healthcare sector. We will write a custom essay sample on Healthcare analyzation or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Apart from this, it has also been depicted that managed care at times worsens the relationship between the patients and the professionals. Besides, this particular healthcare system has greatly interfered in the personal preference of the patients in case of medical treatment. The implementation of managed care has hampered a patient’s ability to choose and select the professionals of own preference. In this regard, if the patient receives treatment from the preferred professional, he/she is likely to gain confidence on the treatment and the entire process would be effective. Moreover, the provider or the patients become competent enough to undergo a treatment plan. Managed care creates a hurdle in the execution of effective communication among the physicians and the patients. Further researches have also revealed that managed care limits the treatment of the professionals. It also limits the ability of the doctors with respect to referring t o the specialist. By extensively interfering within the process of treatment, it limits a patient’s trust upon the doctors. Another vital issue that managed care faces can be determined to be the scheme associated with the salaried employees. In accordance with this scheme, it rewards the professionals along with the hospitals for limiting the provisions related to medical services that lays an impact on the area of interest.

Physical Therapy For The Medical Field - 1237 Words

Imagine a soldier that looses a limb in battle, an athlete who breaks an bone or tears a muscle during practice or a game, a child born with a disability condition, or a police officer that has been shot or injured in the line of duty all have the same thing in common. Each of these different situations and many others activities require a Doctor of Physical Therapy in order to treat their complication. Being a Physical Therapists is a job that will always be needed; there will always be people that need help regaining their physical health. It is all about helping people ranging in all ages from the elderly, adults, teens, and children who have problems with their body, muscles and joints. People should follow the consequentialist view in any career field that they decide to pursue. Physical therapist need to have certain habits to succeed in the medical field. If they do not have these certain habits they will not be as successful as the therapist that do have these habits. Therefo re, there are certain traits I believe a physical therapist needs to have, which is the ability to give encouragement, to be very knowledgeable, have a lot patience, and be personable in order to be successful in the job field. Ultimately, the main characteristic a physical therapist has to have is the ability to encourage their patients. Physical therapists know how to accentuate the positive and redirect any negativity that the patient might have during their weeks of treatment. PhysicalShow MoreRelatedPhysical Therapy And The Medical Field1624 Words   |  7 Pagesstand painlessly without the assistance of a licensed medical professional. Whether you were born with a debilitating medical condition or a physical disability occurred due to an accident or aging, there is someone that can help treat these conditions. Physical Therapists! Physical Therapy is a very rewarding and vital profession in the medical field. The average of all occupations is 11%; According to The Bureau of Labor Statistics, Physical Therapy’s projected job outlook in the years 2012-2022Read MorePhysical Therapy For The Medical Field1208 Words   |  5 PagesPhysical Therapist Core Virtues A soldier that looses a limb in ba ttle, an athlete who breaks an bone or tears a muscle during practice or a game, a child born with a deformity that causes trouble for one’s body, and a police officer that has been shot and injured in the line of duty, are all that have one thing in common. Each of these different situations and many others activities require a Doctor of Physical Therapy in order recover. Physical Therapists help the elderly, adults, teens, and childrenRead MorePhysical Therapy And The Medical Field1694 Words   |  7 PagesI became interested in physical therapy very recently, last week exactly. I became interested in physical therapy when I was researching it in class for a lame project my annoying teacher made me do. Even though my dad and all but one of his brothers are in the medical field, I didn’t really know too many details about working in the medical field. I always thought it was just too much school and didn’t give enough down time. After researching it I became m ore interested because it is a very intermediateRead MorePhysical Therapy Case Study944 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican Board of Physical Therapy Residency and Fellowship Education (ABPTRFE), a residency is a â€Å"post-professional program meant to train physical therapists in a specialty area† (American Board of Physical Therapy Residency and Fellowship Education, 2017b). The ABPTRFE currently recognizes nine specialty areas within the field of physical therapy, and there have been residency programs created in each of the nine recognized specialty areas (American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties, 2017)Read MoreDiagnostic Medical Sonographer vs. Physical Therapist1422 Words   |  6 PagesDiagnostic Medical Sonographer vs. Physical Therapist Miami Dade College Professor SLS 1125 December 1st, 2010 Job Description The Diagnostic Sonography more commonly known as Ultrasound is a medical procedure in which you use high frequency sound waves to produce visual images of organs tissues or blood flow inside the body. Ultrasound is regularly known as the procedure used to examine women who are expecting. Although, Sonography is used in many different ways other than for expectantRead MorePhysical And Occupational Therapists Help Improve Someone s Life1610 Words   |  7 Pages Physical and occupational therapists have the opportunity to improve someone’s life. Even though both jobs are improving someone’s life, they treat each patient’s individual problems differently and with various techniques. Physical and occupational therapists do not only need to know how to treat the patient’s problem, but they need to be able to work around schedules and understand the problems the patient is facing. Both jobs need to be able to relate to the patient on a personal level makingRead MoreBecoming A Physical Therapist For Doctors And Physicians1676 Words   |  7 PagesWithin our homes, schools, and community, there are many different fields of medicine to accommodate for the accelerating demand for doctors and physicians. With so many fields and concentrations of medicine, different schools have emerge to keep up with the demand. Now, not only are there primary care physicians, but also fields such as pediatrics and physical therapy. Since entering college, I have always had an internal debate and frustration on what I wanted to do and who I wanted to become andRead MorePhysical Therapy Assistant Essay760 Words   |  4 Pages The medical field is expanding ever so rapidly in today’s society. In the field of Physical Therapy one needs to have the understanding of how the human body works and the injuries one body could sustain. I have chosen a career to help others to battle back from life-changing injuries or surgeries. I will take the first step of joining the medical field by obtaining a physical therapist associates degree. I will become a Physical Therapist Assistant. Career Description Physical Therapy AssistantsRead MoreWhat Field Of Physical Therapy1724 Words   |  7 PagesIntro to PT Paper There are many areas, settings in Physical therapy .Such as Pediatrics, acute care, aquatics, geriatrics, education, oncology and so much more. I will be explaining what field of physical therapy that I strongly feel of pursuing and my least favorite field. Then I will give my whys and why nots feedback for each field that I talk about. In the area of acute care, physical therapy is provided to patients who are admitted to a hospital for a short-term period of time. They can beRead MoreThe Effects Of Physical Therapists On The Medical Field1706 Words   |  7 PagesAn abundance of physical therapists will continue to be needed in the medical field because of the continuous rate of injuries. Physical therapists treat injury or medical problems that limit a patient’s ability to function in everyday life. Physical therapist treat patients of all ages and promote interactions with patients, family, caregivers and other health professionals. Most people have been through physical therapy or will go through physical therapy sometime in their lives. Participating

Cryptography and Network Security

Question: Describe about the Cryptography and Network Security? Answer: Introduction Cryptography is a coordinated documented which obtains ideas from arithmetic, gadgets and programming. Cryptography has been practiced from historic times starting from when Julius Caesar sent messages to the generals by means supplanting each letter set with 3 bits ahead letters in order like E is supplanted with H, C with F et cetera. The intention was to convey the message securely without being known not and even the detachment (Singh, Pal and Bhatia 2013). Therefore, the principle reason for existing was to store the data securely, pass it securely and along these lines keep it from assaults. Critical review of the encryption / decryption techniques This section critically analyzes and reviews several encryption / decryption techniques with a thorough explanation of how each of the technique works as well as evaluation of their individual strengths and weaknesses, properties and characteristics (Bauer 2013). Monoalphabetic substitution techniques In this particular technique, cipher text letters usually replace a particular plaintext. A fixed replacement structure determines the monoalphabetic substitution. To be more precise, if a particular letter such as an e is replaced with M; it means that all of es in that particular document will always be replaced only by M. The main concept behind this technique is a permutation of particular alphabets (Goyal and Kinger 2013). Inverse permutation is to be used for the decryption technique of the encrypted or ciphered text. The mathematical description of this technique is discussed below: If S (E) were a collection of symmetrical permutations, a monoalphabetic substitution would be f(a1. . .ar) := (a1, . . . , ar) for (a1, . . . , ar) r Method The general approach: The invariants are the distribution of frequencies of different and individual letters or alphabets or characters. Repeated patterns also significantly appear in the encrypted or ciphered text. This particular variant of cryptographic procedure is dependent upon replacing one single character with a particular and fixed character (Heydari, Shabgahi and Heydari 2013). The cryptanalysis of the Monoalphabetic substitution makes use of its invariants, which is of properties of substance that stay unaltered under encryption: Single characters or alphabets and the corresponding allocation of it is invariant. The alphabet or character content happens exactly the equal number of times as the contrasting characters in the plain text. Irregular plans in the plaintext show up furthermore in the figure content. Just in unprecedented situations, cryptanalysis is exceptionally algorithmic (Huang 2015). Despite of that, it can be implied that framework implements the degree to which it can be determined how clear is its theoretical reason is, the successful game plan validates the cryptanalyst. Strengths One of the main advantages of monoalphabetic substitution is it is comparatively simple, easily comprehensive and implementation is easy. The number of possible keys is (26!) which significantly reduces the impact of brute force attacks (Jain, Dedhia and Patil 2015). To be more precise the exact number of keys involved in this type of cryptographic technique is 4 x 1026. Weaknesses The weakness of monoalphabetic substitution process is its language characteristics. By nature, human languages tend to be significantly redundant. There are certain letters that are most commonly used such as S, O, N, R, A, T or I (Kahate 2013). On the contrary, there are certain letters that are used comparatively rarely such as Z, Q, K, J or Q. Figure 1: English letter frequencies (Source: Kuppusamy, Pitchai Iyer and Krithivasan 2014) Therefore, monoalphabetic ciphers do not provide 100 % security and thereby can be cracked quite easily using statistical methods, such as shown above. Cesar shift cipher Cesar cipher is one of the sub procedures that fall under monoalphabetic cipher texts. It consists of a very simple and comprehendible and thereby it is quite easy to crack or break the encrypted message or ciphered text (McGrew et al. 2014). This algorithm or technique has such a name because Julius Caesar originally used it. Method The fundamental approach for encryption applied in this technique involves creating the ciphered text alphabet by left shifting the particular alphabets using the accurate the number of places as demonstrated by the key being used (Mekhaznia and Menai 2014). On the contrary, the decryption process similarly involves a significantly simple and comprehensive process that only associates itself with the corresponding letter of the cipher text. However, it is to be noted that, although the key may be unknown, breaking the code can be easy if it is known that shift cipher is applied for that particular purpose (Mohan, Devi and Prakash 2015). It is most possibly the first known substitution cipher used and attested in military activities. The main idea lying behind this technique is to replace each letter with the third letter. The main mathematical calculation can be represented as: c = E (k, p) = (p + k) mod 26 p = D (k, c) = (c k) mod 26 Strengths The strengths or advantages of Caesar shift cipher are described below: It focuses on mapping alphabets in permutations randomly, rather than simply shifting the alphabets or characters. Weaknesses The fundamental weakness of Cesar cipher is it is comparatively easy to break mainly because of its simple nature. It is not that strong in terms of the security aspects provided by it (Mozaffari-Kermani et al. 2014). Normally utilized letters like "e" show up rapidly as the "x" in the illustration. Words with rehashed letters like "meet" in the case demonstrate that reiteration in the cipher text. What's more, in reality this is weak to the point that the day-by-day cryptogram keep running by a few daily papers is ordinarily a Cesar shift substitution. Simple transposition techniques Transposition cipher is a commonly used type of cryptographic (encryption / decryption) technique (Nema and Jain 2013). The algorithm for transposition technique involves the following steps: Step 1: the first step deals with selecting a proper password Step 2: the plain text is required to be known Step 3:It is required to draw a table with matching number of columns with the exact number of alphabets; the number of rows should be adequate for accommodating the alphabets or characters involved in the plain text (Othman, Hassoun and Owayjan 2015). Step 4: The fourth steps requires arranging the password so as to the accurate number of appearance of the alphabet with respect to the letter a is to be assigned in the beginning of the position no matter what column it is. Step 5: The position of the alphabet in the respective columns is required to be understood for continuing the process until the password position has been covered fully (Pachghare 2015). This process, when executed in reverse is referred to as decryption. Router cipher There are numerous different approaches to transpose messages than columnar transposition utilizing squares and rectangles. The state of the geometric figure utilized can be shifted, and the technique for engraving and removing content can be differed (Pommerening 2014). Columnar techniques are the most normal in military utilization, since they are the simplest to learn and utilize dependably, be that as it may, different techniques might be experienced. Some of these normal techniques are appeared underneath. Strengths Transposition can be utilized to create a mixed request of the letters in the letter set for use as a substitution letters in order (Pommerening 2014). Transposition frames part of a portion figure, where letters are partitioned into parts, then the parts are assembled in an alternate request, fitting in with various letters. Weaknesses This arrangement relied on upon accurately distinguishing the width of the network and the lucky appearance of the Q and U (Rueppel 2012). Without the Q and U and with no sign of the width, significantly more experimentation would be required for an effective arrangement. Transposition columnar cipher The section explains the encryption and decryption procedures applied for columnar transposition cipher (Sharma et al. 2013). The steps for encryption in columnar transposition are discussed below: Step 1: The password is set Step 2: ASCII code is to be yielded by converting the alphabets included in the password. The first alphabet in the original word or sentence can be easily found replacing with the largest ASCII value Step 3: This step focuses on finding out the accurate length of the plain text Step 4: The determination of the exact number of rows is based on the length of the plain text and the length of the password combined (Shrivastava, Sharma and Chouhan 2013). The number of column should be known beforehand from the number of letters in the password. Step 5: The rows not entirely filled using the characters are completed with applying exceptions. Step 6: The step 4 determines the size of array depending upon which the arrangement of the plain text is performed (Singh, Pal and Bhatia 2013). Step 7: The columns should be positioned as an according to the step 2. Step 8: This is the final step from which the encrypted message is received. Key: 4 1 2 3 5 Plaintext: d a t a e n c r y p t i o n Cipher text: anttciarodep yn Weaknesses: Most transposition frameworks improve content by single letters. It is conceivable to revise complete words or gatherings of letters as opposed to single letters, yet these methodologies are not exceptionally secure and have minimal handy worth. Bigger gatherings than single letters protect a lot of unmistakable plain content. Columnar transposition frameworks can be misused when keys are reused with messages of the same length (Shrivastava, Sharma and Chouhan 2013). The plain content to messages with reused keys can frequently be recouped without respect to the real strategy for enciphers. Once the plain content is recuperated, the strategy can be recreated. Rail fence cipher The rail fence is a simple to apply transposition that scatters up the request of the letters of a message in a speedy helpful manner. It likewise has the security of a key to make it a smidgen harder to break. The Rail Fence figure works by composing your message on interchange lines over the page, and afterward perusing off every line thusly (Singh and Manimegalai 2015). For instance, the plain content is composed as demonstrated as follows, with all spaces uprooted. Strengths Rail fence technique is reading so as to be decoded it in masterminding it in segments or columns before understanding it (Van Tilborg and Jajodia 2014). Along these lines, it is very much a simple and quick procedure, and it is less inclined to botches. Weaknesses One of the issues that this type of technique faces is that the security of the code is dependent on the way that a cryptanalyst does not know the technique for encryption (Singh and Manimegalai 2015). Henceforth, once the technique for encryption is broken, the code is broken as of now. Another issue with this type of technique is that is not exceptionally solid. This implies the quantity of conceivable arrangements is small to the point that a cryptanalyst can attempt all of them by hand (Singh and Johari 2015). Consequently, the rail wall figure is anything but difficult to break as we just need to test all the conceivable divisors up to a large portion of the length of the content. Permutation cipher It is another type of transposition technique in use for many years. The fundamental aspect lies in choosing the length of permutation and thereafter, the key becomes the random permutation (Singh and Johari 2015). It is not similar to monoalphabetic ciphers. The Permutation Cipher is harder to break with a cipher text-just assault. In any case, it succumbs effortlessly to a known plaintext assault. Truth be told, if one knows plaintext and cipher text, then it is not troublesome for him to decide the length m and after that locate the key (Singh 2014). In spite of the fact that the Substitution Cipher and the Permutation Cipher is not secure, they are imperative components in cutting edge cryptosystems. Break the plaintext up into groups of a fixed size, d define a permutation of the integers 1 to d called f within each block, permute the letters according to f the key is (d, f) For example, let d = 5 and let f is given by: 1 --------- 3 2 ---------- 4 3 -------- 1 4 ------- 5 5 --------- 2 Strengths The primary strength of this cipher is that is difficult to break as compared to the other cipher procedures (Van Tilborg and Jajodia 2014). Weaknesses However, permutation cipher is not hundred percent secure. Selection and justification of techniques used The researcher study about three types of encryption technique namely, substitution cipher, transposition cipher and permutation cipher. The researcher finds that the rail fence technique is the simplest technique, which can be crack easily. The rail fence technique is a transposition cipher. Here the transposition is based on rearranging total text either typographical or mathematical; the output of this arranging is called cipher (Singh and Johari 2015). The rail fence technique uses a zigzag pattern to encrypt the plaintext. Here the programmer performs a test of a rail fence technique but the generated output is very simple. Thus, this cipher text can be crack easily, even it can be solve with a pen and paper. Here one example of the rail fence techniques is described with the basic concept of encryption. If the plain text is, DEFEND THE EAST WALL OF CASTE. Than the cipher, text will produce as follows (here the value of key is 3): Than the program read this line along the row and a string variable collect the total character set (Singh 2014). Here the researcher encrypts this text a find the following set of text as a cipher test. From the above example, the programmer identify that it is not a right choice to encryption a plaintext. Now the programmer identify that the substitution and transportation cipher techniques are pretty much similar and easy to crack (Van Tilborg and Jajodia 2014). Therefore, the programmer choose the permutation cipher as an encryption stranded to encrypt a plain text, because this is more complex to crack than other techniques. The programmer chose the permutation cipher to encrypt the plain text. The permutation cipher is similar to the columnar transformation is some ways, here the method of permutation is acts on blocks of latter instead of the selecting the entire cipher text. In mathematical concept the permutation is perform by rearranging the set of elements. In this program, every word is shifted to the left, but the shift order is depend on the key (Rueppel 2012). For an instance, the order of the plain text is {Day1,Day2,Day3}, than after the permutation is seems like that { Day2,Day3,Day1}. Here the programmer chooses a keyword of length 3 than this program spilt this plain text according to the keyword length. Here the programmer demonstrated this in the following example. Figure 2: The plain text and the permutated text (Source: Pachghare 2015) The above section demonstrated the encryption process of the permutation cipher, here the programmer define the method of conversion of encrypted text to plain text. As the encryption method use keyword length to split the plain text here decryption also use same concept to split the text. At first, the order of the keyword is set at the top of the columns. Than the programmer set the method to rearrange the cipher text according to this order, and read the plain text row wise (Othman, Hassoun and Owayjan 2015). For better understanding of decryption technique the programmer this process with an example, is given underneath. Lets take the keyword length is 5, and set the cipher text according to their order row by row (figure). Figure 3: Representing the cipher text row by row. (Source: Sharma et al. 2013) Now the program record the letters of the keyword to form original keyword, and similarly the program rearrange the elements in the same way. Here the recoded grid is showing in below figure. Figure 4: The recorded grid. (Source: Mohan, Devi and Prakash 2015) The encryption algorithm: Step 1: the keyword is in the small alphabet. Step 2: the keyword is converted in ASCII value. It provides simplest way to find the alphabet comes first. Step 3: in this step, the plaintext length is found. Step 4: The length of the secret key and the length of the plaintext is utilized to decide the quantity of lines that will be made as the quantity of section is as of now known as the quantity of the keyword characters (Kahate 2013). Step 5: here the rows are completed by the exception. Step 6: according to the step 4, the plaintext is arranged. Step 7: according to the step 2, the columns are readied. Step 8: it prints the encrypted text and print it. Execute the previous steps 1 to 7 again. Evidence of success The permutation cipher is implemented in java; here the programmer provides the evidence of successfully execution program and its outcome. Here the programmer uses the NetBeans framework to implement this application (Huang 2015). The input of the application is taken plaintext from the user and it provides cipher text. After generating the cipher text the program also decrypt this message and, generate the plain text. Figure 5: Taking plaintext from user (Source: created by authod) Figure 6: Print the encrytion and dycryption text (Source: The texing Table) The testing table: Test No Text size File size Expected outcomes Encryption outcomes Decryption Outcomes Encryption Time Span Decryption TimeSpan Cipher Key Key size 1 8 5 bytes Correctly encrypted Successful Here the programmer try to encrypt the plain text 0.01000 0.01701 megabuck 8 bit 2 8 20 bytes Correctly encrypted Successful Here the programmer try to encrypt the plain text 0.02900 0.11400 megabuck 8 bit 3 8 16 bytes Correctly encrypted Successful Here the programmer try to encrypt the plain text 0.00900 0.01400 megabuck 8bit Conclusion The motivation behind encryption and unscrambling is to guarantee those messages imparted between two elements are sheltered and secure from any sort of digital or system assault. Encryption and unscrambling guarantees that message begin from the approved sender and decoded by legitimate recipient. Subsequently the investigation of different strategies to camouflage messages or content with a specific end goal to stay away from its capture attempt from unapproved client is known as cryptography. To guarantee the wellbeing in correspondence cryptography and its procedures are utilized. There are numerous encryption and unscrambling strategies accessible however; these techniques have their own focal points and inconveniences. In this work I proposed an exceptionally basic however viable symmetric key encryption strategy. References Bauer, C.P., 2013.Secret history: The story of cryptology. CRC Press. Goyal, K. and Kinger, S., 2013. Modified Caesar Cipher for Better Security Enhancement.International Journal of Computer Applications,73(3). Heydari, M., Shabgahi, G.L. and Heydari, M.M., 2013. Cryptanalysis of transposition ciphers with long key lengths using an improved genetic algorithm.World Applied Sciences Journal,21(8), pp.1194-1199. Huang, Y., 2015.Comparing the Efficiency of Hybrid and Public Key Encryption Schemes(Doctoral dissertation). Jain, A., Dedhia, R. and Patil, A., 2015. Enhancing the security of caesar cipher substitution method using a randomized approach for more secure communication.arXiv preprint arXiv:1512.05483. Kahate, A., 2013.Cryptography and network security. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Kuppusamy, A., Pitchai Iyer, S. and Krithivasan, K., 2014. Two-Key Dependent Permutation for Use in Symmetric Cryptographic System.Mathematical Problems in Engineering,2014. McGrew, D., Bailey, D. and Campagna, M., 2014.R. Dugal," AESCCM Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) Cipher Suites for Transport Layer Security (TLS). RFC 7251, June Mekhaznia, T. and Menai, M.E.B., 2014. Cryptanalysis of classical ciphers with ant algorithms.International Journal of Metaheuristics,3(3), pp.175-198. Mohan, M., Devi, M.K. and Prakash, V.J., 2015. Security Analysis and Modification of Classical Encryption Scheme.Indian Journal of Science and Technology,8(14), p.1. Mozaffari-Kermani, M., Tian, K., Azarderakhsh, R. and Bayat-Sarmadi, S., 2014. Fault-resilient lightweight cryptographic block ciphers for secure embedded systems.Embedded Systems Letters, IEEE,6(4), pp.89-92. Nema, P. and Jain, A., 2013. A Comparative Survey on Various Encryption Techniques for Information Security. Othman, H., Hassoun, Y. and Owayjan, M., 2015, October. Entropy model for symmetric key cryptography algorithms based on numerical methods. InApplied Research in Computer Science and Engineering (ICAR), 2015 International Conference on(pp. 1-2). IEEE. Pachghare, V.K., 2015.Cryptography and information security. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Pommerening, K., 2014. Cryptology Part I: Classic Ciphers (Mathematical Version). Pommerening, K., 2014. Monoalphabetic Substitutions. Rueppel, R.A., 2012.Analysis and design of stream ciphers. Springer Science Business Media. Sharma, A., Bhatnagar, A., Tak, N., Sharma, A. and Avasthi, J., 2013. An Approach Of Substitution Method Based On ASCII Codes In Encryption Technique.arXiv preprint arXiv:1302.4510. Shrivastava, G., Sharma, R. and Chouhan, M., 2013. Using Letters Frequency Analysis in Caesar Cipher with Double Columnar Transposition Technique.International Journal of Engineering Sciences Research Technology,2(6), pp.1475-1478. Singh, A.P., Pal, S.K. and Bhatia, M.P.S., 2013. The Firefly Algorithm and Application in Cryptanalysis of Monoalphabetic Substitution Ciphers.American Journal of Computer Science and Engineering Survey (AJCSES),1(1), pp.33-52. Singh, K.J. and Manimegalai, R., 2015. Evolution of Encryption Techniques and Data Security Mechanisms.World Applied Sciences Journal,33(10), pp.1597-1613. Singh, L. and Johari, R., 2015, January. Comparative Analysis of Cryptography Cipher Techniques. In2015 Fifth International Conference on Advanced Computing Communication Technologies. Singh, S., 2014. Codes And Ciphers.International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science,5(6). Van Tilborg, H.C. and Jajodia, S. eds., 2014.Encyclopedia of cryptography and security. Springer Science Business Media

USPS Synthesis Essay free essay sample

Over the past two centuries, the United States Postal Office has helped the United States grow by providing communication across the country. The USPS quickly able to provide communication all across the world. In the fast paced society, it is difficult to for the USPS to keep up with all the new gadgets. Especially because the internet allows people to communicate with others in a much more efficient and reliable way. Customers also choose other companies like UPS and Fedex. By reconstructing the USPS, it can slowly meet the standards of a changing world. One of the steps to helping the USPS keep up with all the new technology is to increase services and give their customers more options. People are choosing other ways because postal services aren’t as efficient as the internet. According to Source A, they are dropping from six- to five-day delivery. With the lack of faith in their services and drop in delivery days, the number of customers will probably decrease due to the slow services. We will write a custom essay sample on USPS Synthesis Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The USPS should be providing a seven-day delivery service so their customers can be guaranteed to receive their letters and packages faster and easier. The inefficient and unreliable service causes the number of mail to decrease but increasing services can help attract and gain the trust of customers. Throughout the years, the number of letters and packages are decreasing. According the Source B, the mail volume has decreased drastically from 2000 to 2009, while the number of delivery points has increased. There are less mail but more delivery points, which means mailmen would have mail that are scattered all over the city, causing the efficiency of the services to decrease. Though the mail volume has decreased, there is still a great amount of people who value handwritten letters (Source F) and those people are probably one of the factors that help the USPS stay in business. If they plan out their distributions correctly, their mailmen would be able shorten their route and fasten the rates of people receiving mail. The USPS needs a boost in organization, which will be able to increase the efficiency of the distributions and allow mailmen to help out at the post offices. Most people choose the internet instead of the USPS because of the slow, unexcited workers. Source A suggests to motivate the staff members. Giving workers more benefits and higher wages can help motivate them to work efficiently. Customers often stand in line waiting for ten to fifteen minutes because of the workers who take their time and can’t wait until they get to leave work. Another suggestion from Source A is closing branches and having each center provide different services. Those who need to mail a simple letter can get out of the post office faster and those who need help with larger packages can get the assistance they need. Faster working and motivated staff members can help the customers get assistance as soon as possible and can help the USPS meet the needs of this fast changing world. The USPS is a great way to help people communicate with each other, especially with those who live far away. The lack of efficiency and motivated workers restricts USPS from moving forward and meeting the standards of what people expect nowadays. It has helped the United States for the past two centuries and there are still people who love to send mail so it would be disappointing to see the USPS close down. The USPS needs to train their workers so that they can provide and increase efficient services as well as gain trust from the customers who drifted away.